Carbon in reduced and bound form within the biosphere is precious renewable earth including the resource which can be used for food, fibre, wood, medicine, energy, aroma, costly stones and what not. Being fixed in microbes, it can increase soil fertility, soil carbon biomass and can enhance the microbial biodiversity. Being free in gaseous form, on the other hand, this oxidised carbon is instrumental in building up of green house gases in troposphere causing devastating climate change and global warming.
The impacts carbon sequestration in biosphere by microbes, plants and animals is considered as the most
significant nature based solutions for the mitigation of climate change and ecosystem stability. The green carbon sequestration sinks of any country can be a good economic source for carbon trading for which a mechanism is underway through the Kyoto and post Kyoto protocols of global negotiations of Cooperation of
Parties. Looking on its importance the United Nations has declared a decade of Ecological Restoration to
promote reimagined, recreated restoration of the degraded ecosystems. It is important to understand that restoring belowground and above ground biodiversity is not possible in its ancient forms as we don’t know
what was there at different ages of the earth and its environment. However, the novel below ground and above ground biodiversity can be imagined and created keeping cultural, economic and ecological needs
of the contemporary society and local, national and global perspectives and plans. We can select useful plants suitable for a given agro climatic and aqua climatic conditions.
We can inoculate plant’s rhizosheric niche with known beneficial soil microbes to create a novel below ground
biodiversity. In accordance to the function of time ecological principles of the nature will develop an ecological succession in soil/ water and green designs. The nematodes, insects, reptiles, birds, wild animals and aquatic animals will establish their homes in it and will complete the ecosystem restoration of the aluable
cultural , economic and ecological importance. It will create a novel green carbon sequestration zone for multiple benefits. We have a huge land, amphibious regions, water and mangrove areas especially around the rivers , oceans and other water bodies lying as barren or waste areas due to ecological degradation and lack
of funds to develop them for economic activities. These areas can be developed in aesthetically attractive and economically productive ecological zones with very low expenditure. It can help to come out from the increasing man animal conflicts, conflicts of tribal people with the local governance and conflicts of
producing bio energy as well as medicinal and aromatic herbs with food crops. We are working on developing
such valuable ecosystems for agricultural sustainability in wastelands at micro level studies, however, it will require scaling up of the micro studies for which allocation of areas and funds for some translational
research will be required.”